Engineering HSC Civil Structures

1. What exploitation in motor cars led to the need to replace the block pasture pasture halt? What was the replacement? With the adoption of pneumatic rubber tyres for cars in 1895, the block brake became impractical and was replaced as an automobile brake, and was replaced by the contracting band brake. 2. Who invented the strum brake? In what year did this occur? In 1902 Louis Renault invented the internal expanding rise brake. 3. wherefore was the drum brake superior to its predecessors?First, the shoes are enwrap on the drum so the friction lining is away from irrigate or dirt, so they last longer. The drum brake too exhibits servo- tending, in both forward and reverse the leading shoe exhibits servo assistance in forward travel, the trailing shoe in reverse travel. 4. Why are the criminal record brakes used extensively now? The disc brake glumers better heat dissipation than the drum brake and also offers better weather per mixtureance as water is thrown off the disc by centrifugal force. 5. Why is asbestos still allowed in brake linings in Australia?Asbestos gave the break lining greater stability at high temperatures, thus the linings are more resistant to break failure form the heat. 6. The coefficient of friction () is symmetry between what two values? The coefficient of friction is the ratio of the frictional force present and the normal reaction to the matting surfaces. =FFRN 7. What is the fictile stress in a brake cable of diameter 2 mm if the tensile force in the cable is 200N? 8. Draw a stress strain curve for mild firebrand label the relative limit, the upper and lower yield points and the UTS. . What is the variance between elastic and formative deformation? 10. State Pascals principle. Why is it important to hydraulics? 11. What is steel? 12. What is the contrast between austenite and ferrite? 13. What is pearlite? 14. What happens to the hardness of steel as the amount of cementite increases? 15. trace what martensite is. 16. Why is manganese added to steels? 17. What effect will nickel have if added to a low alloy steel? 18. Why is molybdenum added to the nickel-chromium steels? 19. Why is Hadfield steel used for?What is different about its structure at room temperature as opposed to plain one C steels? 20. There are three types of inoffensive steels available. List three and describe the uses of each? 21. Which stainless steel is non-magnetic? 22. What is the difference cast adjure and steel? 23. Carbon appears in different forms in cast irons, how does it appear in white cast iron and grizzly cast iron? 24. Which type of grey cast iron is stronger, ok or course? 25. How do SG cast iron and CG cast iron differ?26. Blackheart malleable cast iron has free blow present in Whiteheart malleable cast iron? 27. Is free carbon present in Whiteheart malleable cast iron? 28. Why is hog added to break blow ups? 29. What type of resin is used to bind the break pad together? 30. Draw two stress strain diagrams, one exhibit high toughness, and one displaying high strength but a unannealed failure. 31. What are the four hardness tests available? 32. Find the tension in the vertical and horizontal cables for the brake system shown. Slove this problem graphically then(prenominal) analytically.